#Trina the one clean zip series#
#Trina the one clean zip free#

#Trina the one clean zip free#

Sunlight or solar energy is a free source of renewableВ energy which will never be depleted. This process involves melting the polycrystalline silicon under high pressure and temperature to slowly grow a single large monocrystalline crystal known as an ingot. To manufacture the more efficient monocrystalline wafer or cells, the doped silicon can be made into a pure solid crystal ingot using the Czochralski process. At this stage, the polycrystalline silicon can be melted and cast into large rectangular blocks and thinly sliced using a diamond wire cutting method to produce the polycrystalline or multicrystalline wafers. Next, the polysilicon is doped with trace amounts of either boron or phosphorous to become either P-type or N-type silicon. The next step is to convert the metallurgical grade silicon into pure Polysilicon using either a chemical purification process called the Siemens process, or upgraded metallurgical-grade silicon (UMG-Si), using less costly metallurgical processes. This process occurs at very high temperatures and results in 99% pure silicon. First Quartzite, also referred to as silica sand, is converted into metallurgical grade silicon by combining Carbon and Quartzite in an arc furnace.

Manufacturing common silicon-based solar cells require a number of different processes starting from a raw material called Quartzite, which is a form of quartz sandstone rock. Polycrystalline silicon cells - Lower efficiency and lowest cost Monocrystalline silicon cells - Highest efficiency and highest costД¬ast monocrystalline cells - High efficiency and lower cost However, cast-mono wafers are not quite as efficient and pure mono wafers made using the Czochralski process. The reason is due to the lower-cost casting process used to make cast mono cells which is similar to the process used for polycrystalline silicon cells. More recently, cast monocrystalline or cast mono cells have been gaining popularity. Polycrystalline wafers, on the other hand, are slightly less efficient and are made using several purification processes followed by a simpler, lower cost, casting method. This process is more energy-intensive compared to polycrystalline (poly) and therefore more expensive to produce. The most efficient type is monocrystalline (mono) which are manufactured using the well known Czochralski process. The silicon wafers can be either polycrystalline or monocrystalline and are produced using several different manufacturing methods. Solar panels use photovoltaic cells, or PV cells, which are made using silicon crystalline wafers similar to the wafers used to make computer processors.

In our other article, best solar panels, we highlight the leading manufacturers using the highest quality materials together with testing to the highest industry standards. This is why it is vital solar panels are manufactured using only the highest quality components. However, some panels can still fail in several ways including water ingress, cell micro-fractures and potential induced degradation or PID. Fortunately, most panels are well-engineered to withstand extreme weather. Extreme variations in temperature, humidity, wind and UV radiation can put enormous stress on a solar panel. Once installed, solar panels are subjected to severe conditions over the course of their 25+ year life.

#Trina the one clean zip series#

Most solar panels are still made up of a series of silicon crystalline cells sandwiched between a front glass plate and a rear polymer plastic back-sheet supported within an aluminium frame. However, despite the massive advancements in technology, basic solar panel construction hasnвЂ™t changed much over the years. Solar panel technology is advancing rapidly with greater efficiency and lower prices resulting in a huge increase in demand.